تحلیلی بر استفاده از آنالوژی در آموزش شیمی

نوع مقاله : مقاله مروری

نویسنده

دبیر شیمی آموزش و پرورش، شهرستان رباط کریم، تهران، ایران

چکیده

آنالوژی یکی از روش­ های بسیار جالب در کمک به فهم مطالب است که می­ تواند دانسته­ های جدید و قبلی فراگیران را با هم مقایسه نماید. آنالوژی در واقع مقایسه بین دو حوزه ناآشنا و آشنا است که به­ ترتیب «هدف» و «آنالوگ» نامیده می­ شوند. اثربخشی یک آنالوژی به میزان ارتباط این دو حوزه بستگی دارد. تحقیقات مختلفی نشان داده­ اند که اگر از آنالوژی­ ها به­ نحو درستی استفاده نشود، می­ توانند سبب عدم یادگیری و کج­ فهمی در دانش­ آموزان شود. شیمی یکی از موضوعاتی است که به علت انتزاعی بودن مفاهیم، یادگیری آن با چالش­ های زیادی برای دانش­ آموزان همراه است. استفاده از آنالوژی در تدریس شیمی می­ تواند آموزش اثربخشی را به همراه داشته باشد. در این مقاله مروری بر انواع مدل­ های آنالوژی داشته و نقاط قوت و ضعف آن­ها را بررسی، و سپس انواع آنالوژی­ های به­ کار رفته در تدریس شیمی موجود در مقالات را مرور خواهیم کرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

An analysis on the use of analogy in chemistry education

نویسنده [English]

  • Nasim Asghari Lalami
Secretary of Education Chemistry, Rabat Karim City, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Analogy is an effective method of learning that involves comparing learners’ new and previous knowledge. It involves comparing two domains: one that is familiar (analog) and one that is unfamiliar (target). The effectiveness of an analogy depends on the degree of connection between these two domains. Research has shown that incorrect use of analogies can lead to learning failure and misunderstandings among students. Due to the abstract nature of the concepts, learning chemistry can be challenging for students. However, using analogies in chemistry lessons can significantly enhance effective teaching. In this paper, an overview of different types of analogical models are provided, and their strengths and weaknesses are examined. Moreover,  different analogies used for teaching chemistry as illustrated in research papers will be reviewed.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Analogy
  • chemistry education
  • analog
  • target
  • misunderstanding

مراجع

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