روش های غیرحضوری در تدریس آزمایشگاه شیمی

نوع مقاله : مقاله مروری

نویسنده

دبیر شیمی آموزش و پرورش، شهرستان رباط کریم، تهران، ایران

چکیده

نقش تدریس آزمایشگاه در آموزش شیمی انکارناپذیر است. انجام حضوری آزمایشگاه شیمی برای دانش­آموزان و دانشجویان بسیار جالب و هیجان­انگیز است. اما در مواقعی این درس به­صورت غیرحضوری ارائه می­شود. ارائه درس آزمایشگاه در دوره­های آموزشی برخط یا آموزش از راه دور برای دست اندرکاران آموزش شیمی چالش برانگیز است. مطالعات زیادی که در این زمینه به­ویژه بعد از شیوع بیماری کووید 19 انجام شده نشان داده است که روش­های آزمایشگاهی جایگزین می­توانند عملکردی مشابه با تجربه آزمایشگاه حضوری برای دانش­آموزان و دانشجویان ایجاد کنند. در این مقاله، پنج روش آزمایشگاهی (حضوری، مجازی، کنترل از راه دور، بسته­های آزمایشگاهی آزمایش در خانه و به میزان کمتر روش گردش علمی خودآموز) که در ارائه فعالیت­های آزمایشگاهی عملی و به­منظور پشتیبانی از مطالعات برخط مورد استفاده قرار گرفته اند را بررسی می­کنیم. هر روش نقاط قوت و ضعفی دارد و می­تواند به­صورت جداگانه یا در ترکیب با روش­های دیگر استفاده شود. انتخاب و ادغام این روش­­ها، حاصل نتایج یادگیری و عوامل دیگری است که می­تواند به­عنوان بخشی از فرآیند طراحی درس آزمایشگاه بررسی می­شود. نکته آخر این که طراحی آزمایشگاه در آینده به­طور قطع شامل فن­آوری­های جدید خواهد بود و آشنایی با این فناوری­ها می­تواند در این زمینه بسیار کمک کننده باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Non-attendance teaching methods in teaching chemistry laboratory

نویسنده [English]

  • Nasim Asghari Lalami
Secretary of Education Chemistry, Rabat Karim City, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

The role of teaching laboratory course in chemistry education is undeniable. In-person chemistry labs are very interesting and exciting for students, but sometimes this course is offered as non-attendance course. Laboratory course in online or remote learning courses is challenging. Many studies conducted in this field, especially after the outbreak of the COVID-19, have shown that alternative laboratory methods can yield performance results similar to those of a face-to-face laboratory. In this study, methods for teaching laboratory courses of chemistry (face-to-face, virtual, remote control, home study lab kits, and to a lesser extent self-guided field trips) are examined which may contribute to the quality of practical laboratory activities or may serve as a support for online study. Each method has its own strengths and weaknesses and can be used separately or in combination. The selection and integration of these methods, which result from learning outcomes and other factors, is examined as part of the designing process of teaching laboratory course. Finally, laboratory design in the future will definitely include new technologies, and getting acquainted with these technologies can be very useful.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Non-attendance
  • chemistry lab
  • virtual
  • online courses
  • education

مراجع

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