Analysis of the content of secondary school chemistry books based on the amount of attention paid to the types of laboratory methods of the Simpson and Anderson model

Document Type : Original research

Authors

1 Department of Educational Sciences, Farhangian University, P.O. Box 14665-889, Tehran, Iran

2 Department of Chemistry Education, Farhangian University, P.O. Box 14665-889, Tehran, Iran

Abstract

Laboratory activities have a wide range of meanings and provide a basis for paying attention to different types of thinking and achieving high levels of learning. The use of various types of laboratory activities and paying attention to their appropriate distribution in chemistry textbooks are important factors for enriching chemistry education and achieving high levels of learning in the cognitive field. The present research was conducted with the aim of analyzing the content of second year high school chemistry books based on the types of laboratory activities using the Simpson and Anderson model. The research method is descriptive and quantitative content analysis using the Shannon entropy method. The statistical population includes all the chemistry textbooks of the second course of theoretical high school in the academic year 1402-1401. The checklist research tool contains categories that are introduced based on the definition criteria of the Simpson and Anderson model of various types of laboratory activities. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Shannon's entropy method. The results of the content analysis showed that in the types of laboratory activities of chemistry books, the value of the importance coefficient, comparative method (0.2960), descriptive method (0.2918), inductive method (0.2400), research (0.1721) and confirmation and skill both of which was 0.0001. In other words, each of the types of laboratory activities has not been considered in chemistry books with a proper and balanced ratio. Based on the findings of this research, textbook authors are also expected to pay due attention to various laboratory activities to ensure their proper use and distribution.

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